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Statement and argument

September 3, 2017

Explanation / Important formulas:

Explanation:

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument.

Give answer:

(A) If only argument I is strong

(B) If only argument II is strong

(D) If neither I nor II is strong and

(E) If both I and II are strong.

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Statement and argument - Test

Statement and Argument - Question and Answers

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Question 1

Statement:
Should the railways immediately stop issuing free passes to all its employees?

Arguments:

I. No. The employees have the right to travel free.

II. Yes. This will help railways to provide better facility.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 1 Explanation:

The free passes given to railway employees is a privilege for them, not their right.
So, argument I does not hold. Argument II seems to be vague.

Question 2

Statement : Should government stop spending huge amounts of money on international sports ?

Arguments :

I. Yes. This money can be utilised for poor.

II. No. Sports-persons will be frustrated and will not get international exposure.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 2 Explanation:

Clearly spending money on sports can not be avoided merely for social economic problems.
But Argument II is strong. Be a sports man and then think on this question.

Question 3

Statement : Should education be made compulsory for all children up to the age of 14 ?

Arguments :

I. Yes. This will help to eradicate the system of forced employment of children.

II. Yes. This would increase the standard of living.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 3 Explanation:

None of argument stands valid.

Question 4

Statement : Should the tuition fees in all post graduate courses be hiked considerably ?

Arguments :

I. Yes. This will bring some kind of seriousness among the students and will improve quality.

II. No. This will force the meritorious poor students to stay away from post-graduate courses.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 4 Explanation:

Clearly seriousness among the students is not because of fees but second argument is strong.

Question 5

Statement: Should all Government owned educational institutions be handed over to private institutions ?

Arguments :

I. Yes. Standard of education will improve.

II. No. Standard of education will fall.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 5 Explanation:

It is not that the government or the private institutions can provide higher standards of learning.

Question 6

Statement : Should new universities be established in India ?

Argument :

I. No. We have still not achieved the target of literacy.

II. No. We will have to face the problem of unemployed but highly qualified people.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Neither I nor II is strong

Question 6 Explanation:

Clearly, instead of improving upon higher education we should focus on increasing literacy rate first.
Also more degree holders with the number of jobs remaining same will increase unemployment.
So both arguments are strong.

Question 7

Statement : Should there be a ban on product advertising ?

Arguments :

I. No. It is an age of advertising. Unless your advertisement is better than your other competitors, the product will not be sold.

II. Yes. The money spent on advertising is very huge and it inflates the cost of the product.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 7 Explanation:

Only Argument II is strong as Argument I will not stand because advertisement will be banned for other competitors too.

Question 8

Statement : Should school education be made free in India ?

Arguments :

I. Yes. This is the only way to improve the literacy rate in India.

II. No. It would add the already heavy burden on the exchequer.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 8 Explanation:

Making education free can not ensure full literacy. So argument I is vague.
Argument II stands strong.

Question 9

Statement: Should government jobs in rural areas have more incentives ?

Arguments:

I. Yes. Incentives are essential for attracting government servants there.

II. No. Rural areas are already cheaper, healthier and less complex than big cities. So ? Why offer extra incentives.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Either I or II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 9 Explanation:

Clearly, government jobs in rural areas are underlined with several difficulties.
In lieu of these, extra incentives are needed. So, only argument I holds strong.

Question 10

Statement: Should 'computer knowledge' be made a compulsory subject for all the students at secondary school level ?

Arguments:

I. No, our need is 'bread' for everyone, we cannot follow western models.

II. Yes. We cannot compete in the international market without equipping our children with computers.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 10 Explanation:

Nowadays, computers have entered all walks of life and children need to be prepared for the same.
So, argument II is strong. Argument I holds no relevance.

Question 11

Statement: Should family planning be made compulsory in India?

Arguments:

I. Yes. Looking to the miserable conditions in India, there is no other go.

II. No. In India there are people of various religions and family planning is against the tenets of some of the religions.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 11 Explanation:

Family planning is an essential step to curb population growth.
So, argument I holds strong. Also, family planning being against the tenets of some of the Indian religions, it is not necessary to make it compulsory.
Instead, it can be enforced by creating public awareness of the benefits of family planning.
So, argument II also holds.

Question 12

Statement: Should high chimneys be installed in industries ?

Arguments:

I. Yes. It reduces pollution at ground level.

II. No. It increases pollution in upper atmosphere.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 12 Explanation:

Pollution at ground level is the most hazardous in the way of being injurious to human and animal life.
So, argument I alone holds.

Question 13

Statement: Are nuclear families better than joint families ?

Arguments:

I. No. Joint families ensure security and also reduce the burden of work.

II. Yes. Nuclear families ensure greater freedom.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 13 Explanation:

Clearly, with so many people around in a joint family, there is more security. Also, work is shared.
So, argument I holds. In nuclear families, there are lesser number of people and so lesser responsibilities and more freedom.
Thus, II also holds.

Question 14

Statement: Should persons convicted of criminal offences in the past be allowed to contest elections in India ?

Arguments:

I. No. Such persons cannot serve the cause of the people and country.

II. Yes. It is democracy - let people decide whom to vote.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 14 Explanation:

Clearly, persons with criminal background cannot stand to serve as the representatives of the common people.
So, they should not be allowed to contest elections. Thus, only argument I holds, while II does not.

Question 15

Statement: Should the political parties be banned?

Arguments:

I. Yes. It is necessary to teach a lesson to the politicians.

II. No. It will lead to an end of democracy.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 15 Explanation:

Clearly, with the ban on political parties, candidates can independently contest elections.
So, it will not end democracy. Thus, argument II does not hold. Argument I does not give a strong reason

Question 16

Statement: Should taxes on colour television be further increased ?

Arguments:

I. Yes, Colour television is a luxury item and only rich people buy them.

II. No, Televisions are bought by the poor too.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 16 Explanation:

Clearly, taxes on an item cannot be increased or decreased on the basis of the financial position of the people who buy it.
So, both arguments I and II do not hold strong.

Question 17

Statement: Is the Government justified in spending so much on defence ?

Arguments:

I. Yes. Safety of the country is of prime importance.

II. No. During peace, this money could be used for the development of the country.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Neither I nor II is strong

Question 17 Explanation:

Clearly, defence is necessary for the safety of the country, which is of prime importance.
So, argument I holds. Also, a country can concentrate on internal progress and development only when it is safe from external aggressions.
So, argument II does not hold.

Question 18

Statement: Should public holidays be declared on demise of important national leaders?

Arguments:

I. No. Such unscheduled holidays hamper national progress.

II. Yes. People would like to pay their homage to the departed soul.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument I is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 18 Explanation:

Clearly, unscheduled and untimely holidays would naturally cause the work to suffer.
So, argument I holds strong. Also, a holiday is not necessary to pay homage to someone.
So, argument II is vague.

Question 19

Statement : Should we scrap the system of formal education beyond graduation ?

Arguments :

I. Yes. It will mean taking employment at an early date.

II. No. It mean lack of depth of knowledge.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 19 Explanation:

Only argument II is strong.

Question 20

Statement: Should children be legally made responsible to take care of their parents during their old age ?

Arguments:

I. Yes. Such matter can only be solved by legal means.

II. Yes. Only this will bring some relief to poor parents.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 20 Explanation:

Taking care of the parents is a moral duty of the children and cannot be thrust upon them legally, nor such a compulsion can ensure good care of the old people.
So, none of the arguments holds strong.

Question 21

Statement: Should there be reservation in Government jobs for candidates from single child family ?

Arguments:

I. No. This is not advisable as the jobs should be offered to only deserving candidates without any reservation for a particular group.

II. Yes. This will help reduce the growing population in India as the parents will be encouraged to adopt single child norm.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 21 Explanation:

The Government has already made provisions for reservation of jobs for the economically backward sections, which is a must.
So, abolishing the practice of reservation altogether has no meaning. Thus, argument I is vague. Also, more reservations would lead to non-recruitment of many more deserving candidates.
Besides, such a reservation, if implemented, will cater to the job requirements of only a small section of population and not a major part of it.
So, argument II also does not hold strong.

Question 22

Statement: Should higher education be completely stopped for some time ?

Arguments:

I. No. It will hamper the country's future progress.

II. Yes. It will reduce the educated unemployment.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 22 Explanation:

Clearly, higher education is not the cause of unemployment. In fact, it has created greater job opportunities.
So, argument II is vague. Also, higher education promotes the country's development.
So, argument I holds.

Question 23

Statement: Should we scrap the 'Public Distribution System' in India ?

Arguments:

I. Yes, Protectionism is over, everyone must get the bread on his/her own.

II. Yes. The poor do not get any benefit because of corruption.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Neither I nor II is strong

Question 23 Explanation:

The Public Distribution System is indeed necessary to provide basic amenities to the economically backward sections of population.
So, argument I is vague. Also, if the Objectives of a system are not fulfilled because of corruption, then getting rid of the system is no solution. Instead,
efforts should be made to end corruption and extend its benefits to the people for whom it is meant.
So, argument II also does not hold,

Question 24

Statement: Should India have no military force at all ?

Arguments:

I. No. Other countries in the world do not believe in non-violence.

II. Yes. Many Indians believe in non-violence.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 24 Explanation:

Clearly, India needs to have military force to defend itself against the threat of other military powers in the world.
So, none of the arguments holds strong.

Question 25

Statement: Should there be uniforms for students in the colleges in India as in the schools ?

Arguments:

I. Yes, this will improve the ambience of the colleges as all the students will be decently dressed.

II. No. The college students should not be regimented and they should be left to choose their clothes for coming to the college.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 25 Explanation:

Clearly, after being in strict discipline and following a formal dress code of the school for so many years,
The students must be granted some liberty in college life, as they have to take on the responsibilities of life, next.
Besides, schools adopt uniforms to take care of the security of the child - an aspect which doesn't matter much in the colleges.
So, argument II holds strong. Also, the environment of the college depends on the students' dedication and etiquettes and not on their uniforms.
So, argument I is vague.

Question 26

Statement: Should India engage into a dialogue with neighbouring countries to stop cross border tension ?

Arguments:

I. Yes. This is the only way to reduce the cross border terrorism and stop loss of innocent lives.

II. No. Neighbouring countries cannot be relied upon in such matters, they may still engage in subversive activities.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 26 Explanation:

Clearly, peaceful settlement through mutual agreement is the best option, whatever be the issue.
So, argument I holds strong. Moreover, the problem indicated in II can be curbed by constant check and vigilance.
So, II seems to be vague.

Question 27

Statement: Should there be a world government ?

Arguments:

I. It will help in eliminating tensions among the nations.

II. No. Then, only the developed countries will dominate in the government.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 27 Explanation:

Clearly, a world government cannot eliminate tensions among nations because it will also have the ruling group and the opposition group.
Further, the more powerful and diplomatic shall rule the world to their interests. So, only argument II holds.

Question 28

Statement: Should the practice of transfers of clerical cadre employees from government offices of one city to those of another be stopped ?

Arguments:

I. No. Transfer of employees is a routine administrative matter and we must continue it.

II. Yes. It involves lot of governmental expenditure and inconvenience too many compared to the benefits it yields.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument I is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 28 Explanation:

It is not necessary that any practice which has been in vogue for a long time is right and it must be continued.
So, argument I is not strong. Also, a practice must be continued or discontinued in view of its merits/demerits and not on grounds of the expenditure or procedures it entails.
The policy of transfer is generally practised to do away with corruption, which is absolutely essential.
So, argument II also does not hold.

Question 29

Statement: Is paying ransom or agreeing to the conditions of kidnappers of political figures, a proper course of action ?

Arguments:

I. Yes. The victims must be saved at all cost.

II. No. It encourages the kidnappers to continue their sinister activities.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 29 Explanation:

Both the arguments are strong enough.
The conditions have to be agreed to, in order to save the life of the victims, though actually they ought not to be agreed to, as they encourage the sinister activities of the kidnappers

Question 30

Statement: Should foreign films be banned in India ?

Arguments:

I. Yes. They depict an alien culture which adversely affects our values.

II. No. Foreign films are of a high artistic standard.

A	Only argument I is strong
B	Only argument II is strong
C	Either I or II is strong
D	Neither I nor II is strong
E	Both I and II are strong

Question 30 Explanation:

Clearly, foreign films depict the alien culture but this only helps in learning more.
So, argument I does not hold. Also, the reason stated in argument II is not strong enough in contradicting the ban.
So, it also does not hold.

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