Analogies

Above the line, the relationship shows a progression of sources of light.
The relationship below the line shows a progression of types of housing, from smallest to largest. (Choice a) is incorrect because a tent is smaller than a house.
Choices b and c are wrong because they are not part of the progression.

Above the line, the relationship is as follows: A daisy is a type of flower, and a flower is a type of plant. Below the line, the relationship is as follows: A bungalow is a type of house, and a house is a type of building.

The objects above the line are all things used by an artist. The objects below the line are all things used by a teacher.

The words above the line show a continuum: Command is more extreme than rule, and dictate is more extreme than command. Below the line, the continuum is as follows: Sleep is more than doze, and hibernate is more than sleep. The other choices are not related in the same way.

The relationship above the line is as follows; apples are a kind of fruit; fruit is sold in a supermarket. Below the line, the relationship is: a novel is a kind of book; books are sold in a bookstore.

An odometer is an instrument used to measure mileage. A compass is an instrument used to determine direction. Choices a, b, and c are incorrect because none is an instrument.

A marathon is a long race and hibernation is a lengthy period of sleep. The answer is not choice a or b because even though a bear and winter are related to hibernation, neither completes the analogy. (Choice c) is incorrect because sleep and dream are not synonymous.

A window is made up of panes, and a book is made up of pages. The answer is not (choice a) because a novel is a type of book. The answer is not (choice b) because glass has no relationship to a book. (Choice c) is incorrect because a cover is only one part of a book; a book is not made up of covers.

Coffee goes into a cup and soup goes into a bowl. Choices a and c are incorrect because they are other utensils. The answer is not choice d because the word food is too general.

A yard is a larger measure than an inch (a yard contains 36 inches). A quart is a larger measure than an ounce (a quart contains 32 ounces). Gallon (choice a) is incorrect because it is larger than a quart. Choices c and d are incorrect because they are not units of measurement.

An optimist is a person whose outlook is cheerful. A pessimist is a person whose outlook is gloomy. The answer is not (choice b) because a pessimist does not have to be mean. (Choices c) and d are incorrect because neither adjective describes the outlook of a pessimist.

A lizard is a type of reptile; a daisy is a type of flower. Choices a and b are incorrect because a petal and a stem are parts of a flower, not types of flowers. (Choice d) is incorrect because an alligator is another type of reptile, not a type of flower.

An actor performs in a play. A musician performs at a concert. Choices a, c, and d are incorrect because none is people who perform.

A sponge is a porous material. Rubber is an elastic material. (Choice a) is incorrect because rubber would not generally be referred to as massive. The answer is not (choice b) because even though rubber is a solid, its most noticeable characteristic is its elasticity. Choice d is incorrect because rubber has flexibility.

Careful and cautious are synonyms (they mean the same thing). Boastful and arrogant are also synonyms. The answer is not (choice b) because humble means the opposite of boastful. The answer is not choice c or d because neither means the same as boastful.

A pen is a tool used by a poet. A needle is a tool used by a tailor. The answer is not choice a, b, or c because none is a person and therefore cannot complete the analogy.

Secretly is the opposite of openly, and silently is the opposite of noisily. Choices a and b are clearly not the opposites of silently. (Choice d) means the same thing as silently.

If someone has been humiliated, they have been greatly embarrassed. If someone is terrified, they are extremely frightened. The answer is not choice b because an agitated person is not necessarily frightened. Choices c and d are incorrect because neither word expresses a state of being frightened.

A group of lions is called a pride. A group of fish swim in a shoal. Teacher (choice a) and student (choice b) refer to another meaning of the word school. The answer is not (choice c) because self-respect has no obvious relationship to this particular meaning of school.

An artist makes paintings; a senator makes laws. The answer is not choice a because an attorney does not make laws and a senator is not an attorney. Choice c is incorrect because a senator is not a politician. Constituents (choice d) is also incorrect because a senator serves his or her constituents.

A gym is a place where people exercise. A restaurant is a place where people eat. Food (choice a) is not the answer because it is something people eat, not a place or location where they eat. The answer is not choice b or c because neither represents a place where people eat.

Candid and indirect refer to opposing traits. Honest and untruthful refer to opposing traits. The answer is not choice a because frank means the same thing as candid. Wicked (choice b) is incorrect because even though it refers to a negative trait, it does not mean the opposite of honest. (Choice c) is incorrect because truthful and honest mean the same thing.

Guide and direct are synonyms, and reduce and decrease are synonyms. The answer is not choice b or d because neither means the same as reduce. (Choice c) is incorrect because increase is the opposite of reduce.

The three above the line are all insects. The hamster and squirrel are rodents, so the correct choice is b because the mouse is also a rodent. The other three choices are not rodents.

In the relationship above the line, the saw and the nails are tools a carpenter uses. In the relationship below the line, the stethoscope and thermometer are tools a pediatrician uses

The tadpole is a young frog; frogs are amphibians. The lamb is a young sheep; sheep are mammals. Animal (choice a) is incorrect because it is too large a grouping: Animals include insects, birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. Choices b and c are incorrect because they are not part of the progression.

A table made of wood could come from an oak tree. A shirt made of cloth could come from a cotton plant. Choice a looks like a reasonable answer if you apply the same sentence: "A shirt made of cloth could come from sewing." But this is not the same relationship as the one above the line. The oak and the cotton are both materials used to make the table and the shirt.

The relationship above the line is that snow on a mountain creates conditions for skiing. Below the line, the relationship is that warmth at a lake creates conditions for swimming.

Walk, skip, and run represent a continuum of movement: Skipping is faster than walking; running is faster than skipping. Below the line, the continuum is about throwing: Pitch is faster than toss; hurl is faster than pitch.

A banquet and a feast are both large meals; a palace and a mansion are both large places of shelter.

A binding surrounds a book; a frame surrounds a picture.

One explores to discover; one researches to learn.

Siamese is a kind of cat; romaine is a kind of lettuce.

finch is a type of bird; a Dalmatian is a type of dog.

A petal is a part of a flower; a tire is a part of a bicycle.

A psychologist treats a neurosis; an ophthalmologist treats a cataract.

Pastoral describes rural areas; metropolitan describes urban areas.

To tailor a suit is to alter it; to edit a manuscript is to alter it.

Scale - A measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass. An odometer measures distance; a scale measures weight.

A waitress works in a restaurant; a teacher works in a school.